Ngokusheshaukutholakala kwegciwane le-African swine fever

“Sithole ulayini wamangqamuzana ongasetshenziswa ukuze uhlukanise futhi uhlonze igciwane eliphilayo,” kusho usosayensi we-ARS uDkt. Douglas Gladue."Lokhu kuyimpumelelo enkulu futhi kuyisinyathelo esikhulu esiya phambili ekuhlonzweni kwegciwane le-African swine fever."
Okwamanje awukho umuthi wokugomela i-ASF, futhi ukulawula ukuqubuka kuvame ukuncika ekuhlukaniseni nasekususweni kwezilwane ezithelelekile noma eziveziwe.Kuze kube manje, ukutholwa okuphumelelayo kwegciwane le-ASF eliphilayo kwakudinga ukuqoqwa kwamangqamuzana egazi avela ezingulubeni zabanikeli bukhoma kuhlolo ngalunye lokuxilonga, njengoba amaseli angasetshenziswa kanye kuphela.Olayini beselula abasha bangaphindaphindeka ngokuqhubekayo futhi baqandwe ukuze basetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo, kuncishiswe inani lezilwane ezinikelayo eziphilayo ezidingekayo.
Ulayini omusha wamaseli ungasetshenziswa futhi kumalabhorethri okuxilonga odokotela bezilwane, ngokuvamile abangakwazi ukufinyelela kumaseli egazi engulube edingekayo ukuze kutholwe igciwane le-ASF eliphilayo.
Ngokocwaningo, ukuhlonzwa kwe-ASF kumasampula omtholampilo (ikakhulukazi igazi eliphelele) kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isikhathi sangempela se-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), ukuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana okukwazi ukubona ingxenye encane ye-viral genome kodwa engakwazi ukubona izifo ezithathelwanayo. igciwane..Ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutheleleka okusebenzayo nokuhlaziya okulandelayo, njengokulandelana kwegenome lonke.Njengamanje, ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane kungenzeka kuphela kusetshenziswa ama-macrophage ayinhloko engulube, angavamile ukutholakala ezindaweni eziningi zokuhlola izilwane zesifunda.Ukukhiqizwa kwama-macrophages ayinhloko wengulube kudla isikhathi futhi kudinga umsebenzi omkhulu ngenxa yesidingo sokuqoqa amaseli egazini lezingulube noma ukuhlukanisa amaseli emaphashini.Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini lukhombisile ukuthi igciwane le-ASF liphindaphinda emigqeni yamaseli esunguliwe ngemuva kokuthi leli gciwane selijwayele ulayini othile weseli, imvamisa ngemuva kwenqubo yokudlula elandelanayo.Kuze kube manje, imigqa yamaseli asebekhulile atholakala ngokwentengiso ayikaboniswa ukuthi ifanele ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane le-ASF kusetshenziswa amasampula enkambu.
Kulolu cwaningo, abaphenyi bahlonze ulayini weseli okwazi ukusekela ukutholwa kwawoI-ASFVkumasampula enkambu anokuzwela kwe-TCID50 okuqhathaniswa nokwamamacrophage engulube.Ukucutshungulwa ngokucophelela kwemigqa yamaseli atholakala ngokwezentengiselwano kuholele ekuhlonzweni kwamaseli enkawu eluhlaza yase-Afrika i-MA-104 njengengxenye yama-macrophage engulube eyinhloko yokuhlukaniswa kwegciwane le-ASF.
Kube nokuqubuka kwakamuva kwegciwane le-ASF ngaphandle kwezwekazi lase-Afrika kusukela lavela eRiphabhulikhi yaseGeorgia ngo-2007. Lesi sifo sisanda kusakazekela eChina nasemazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, okuhlanganisa iMongolia, iVietnam, iCameroon, iNyakatho neNingizimu Korea, iLaos. , Myanmar, Philippines, Timor-Leste, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea kanye neNdiya.Ukuqubuka kwamanje kwe-strain "i-Georgia" ithathelwana kakhulu futhi ibulala izingulube ezifuywayo, nezinga lokufa elifika ku-100%.Nakuba leli gciwane okwamanje lingekho e-United States, imboni yezingulube yaseMelika ingase ilahlekelwe kakhulu kwezomnotho uma kwenzeka kuqubuka udlame.